Basic General Knowledge

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         GENERAL KNOWLEDGE FOR YOUR SSC,UPSC AND GOVERNMENT JOBS PREPARATION(INDIAN HISTORY)

  • WHO WAS THE FIRST SCHOLAR TO USE THE TERM 'Indus Civilization'?
 ANS-      JOHN MARSHALL


       
  •              WHO WAS THE WESTERN MOST SITE OF INDUS CIVILIZATION?


        ANS-     SUTKAGENDOR (DASHK)/ MAKRAN COAST(PAKISTAN-IRAN BORDER)



  • WHO WAS THE NORTHERN MOST SITE OF INDUS CIVILIZATION?

ANS-  ROPAR(SUTLEJ)/PUNJAB(EARLIER)MANDA(CHENAB)/JAMMU KASHMIR(NOW).



  •  WHO WAS THE LARGEST SITE OF INDUS CIVILIZATION?
 

                  ANS-       MOHENJODARO.



  • WHO WAS THE LARGEST INDIAN SITE OF INDUS CIVILIZATION?
  

       ANS-      RAKHIGARHI



  • NAME THE SITES FOUND IN AFGHANISTAN.

           ANS-      SHATUGHAI AND MUNDIGAQ



  •   WHO WAS THE ANCIENT PORT OF INDUS CIVILIZATION?
   

           ANS-     LOTHAL



  • NAME THE FOUR VEDAS-


ANS- RIG VEDA,SAMA VEDA,YAJUR VEDA,ATHARVA VEDA(THE FIRST THREE VEDAS ARE JOINTLY CALLED VEDATRAYI)



  • DEFINE VEDAS:-


ANS- RIG VEDA- RIG VEDA(COLLECTION OF LYRICS) IS THE OLDEST TEXT IN THEWORLD AND THEREFORE,IS ALSO KNOWN AS THE FIRST TESTAMENT OF MANKIND.THE RIG VEDA CONTAINS 1028 HYMNS AND 10580 VERSES,DIVIDED INTO 10 MANDALAS.SIX MANDALAS(FROM 2ND TO 7TH) ARE CALLED GOTRA/VAMSHA MANDALAS (KULA GRANTH).THE 1ST AND 10TH MANDALAS ARE SAID TO HAVE BEEN ADDED LATER.THE 10TH MANDALA CONTAINS THE FAMOUS PURUSHASUKTA WHICH EXPLAINS THE FOUR VARNAS-BRAHMANA,KSHATRIYA,VAISHYA AND SHUDRA.THE HYMNS OF RIG VEDA WERE RECITED BY HOTRI.

SAMA VEDA-THE SAMA VEDA(BOOKS OF CHANTS)HAD 1549 VERSES. ALL VERSES(EXCLUDING 75) WERE TAKEN FROM THE RIG VEDA. THE HYMNS OF THE SAMA VEDA WERE RECITED UDGATRI. THE VEDA IS IMPORTANT FOR INDIAN MUSIC
THE YAJUR VEDA(BOOKS OF SACRIFICIAL PRAYERS)IS A RITUAL VEDA. ITS HYMNS WERE RECITED BY ADHVARYUS. IT IS DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS - KRISHNA YAJUR VEDA AND SHUKLA YAJUR VEDA . IN CONTRAST TO THE FIRST TWO WHICH ARE IN VERSE ENTIRELY,THIS ONE IS BOTH VERSE AND PROSE.

THE ATHARVA VEDA(BOOK OF MAGICAL FORMULAE) THE FOURTH AND LAST ONE, CONTAINS CHARMS AND SPELLS TO WARD OFF EVILS AND DISEASES.FOR A VERY LONG TIME IT WAS NOT INCLUDED IN THE CATEGORY OF VEDAS. 



  • NAME THE SMIRITIS

ANS- MANU SMRITI, YAJNVALKYA SMRITI, NARAD SMRITI, PARASHARA SMRITI, BRIHASPATI SMRITI, KATYAYANA SMRITI



  •  NAME THE MAHAKAVYAS(EPICS):-



 ANS- THE RAMAYANA(VALMIKI) IS KNOWN AS ADI KAVYA,THE OLDEST EPIC OF THE WORLD. AT PRESENT IT CONSISTS OF 24000 SHLOKAS i.e.,VERSES (ORIGINALLY 6000,LATER -12000,FINALLY -24000)IN 7 KANDAS(section) 1ST AND 7TH KANDAS WERE THE LATEST ADDITIONS TO THE RAMAYANA.


THE MAHABHARATA (VEDA VYASA) THE LONGEST EPIC OF THE WORLD.AS PRESENT, IT CONSISTS OF 100000 SHLOKAS(VERSES)-(ORIGINALLY-8800-JAY SAMHITA, LATER-24000-CHATURVINSHATI SAHASTRI SAMHITA/BHARATA, FINALLY-1,00,00 - SHATASAHASTRI SAMHITA/ MAHA BHARATA) IN 18 PARVAS (CHAPTERS), PLUS THE HARIVAMSA SUPPLEMENT,BHAGVAT GITA IS EXTRACTED FROM BIHSHMA PARVAN OF MAHABHARATA .SHANTI PRAVAN IS THE LARGEST PARVAN (CHAPTER) OF THE MAHABHARATA


  1. AMAZING FACTS:-

THE PURANA MEANS THE OLD. THERE ARE 18 FAMOUS PURANAS. THE MATSYA PURANA IS THE OLDEST PURANIC TEXT. THE OTHER IMPORTANT PURANAS ARE THE BHAGVATA,THE VISHNU, THE VAYU AND THE BRAHAMNDA .THEY DESCRIBE MAINLY 5 SUBJECTS - SARGA, WAMSHA , PRATISARGA, MANVANTARA, WAMSHANUCHARITA.

















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